At Winthrop Orthodontic Centre, Dr Gordon Cheung and Dr Naomi Kohan are often asked how braces and clear aligners actually move teeth. Many people assume orthodontic treatment is purely cosmetic, but there’s a fascinating science behind it that makes your smile healthier, more functional, and aligned. Understanding this process can help you feel more confident about your treatment journey.
How teeth move: The biology of orthodontics
Teeth don’t just sit rigidly in your jaw, they’re surrounded by a structure called the periodontal ligament, which connects each tooth to the surrounding bone. When pressure is applied to a tooth, the ligament stretches on one side and compresses on the other. This triggers your body’s natural bone remodeling process:
- Bone resorption occurs on the compressed side, allowing the tooth to move into the space.
- Bone deposition occurs on the stretched side, stabilising the tooth in its new position.
This biological process is why teeth gradually shift over weeks and months, rather than moving instantly. Both braces and clear aligners take advantage of this natural mechanism, just in slightly different ways.
How braces move teeth
Traditional braces use brackets and wires to apply consistent, gentle pressure to each tooth. Here’s how they work:
- Brackets are bonded to each tooth.
- Archwires connect the brackets and guide teeth along the desired path.
- Elastic bands or power chains can be added to correct specific bite issues.
- Periodic adjustments by your orthodontist maintain the right level of pressure for effective movement.
Over time, braces slowly guide your teeth into alignment while ensuring your bite functions properly.
How clear aligners move teeth
Clear aligners, such as Invisalign, work on a similar principle but use a different approach:
- A series of custom-made trays are designed to gradually shift teeth.
- Each aligner applies targeted pressure to specific teeth for a set period (usually 1–2 weeks).
- Attachments are small, tooth-coloured bumps bonded to your teeth that give aligners extra grip, helping them apply precise pressure for more complex movements.
- Teeth respond to this pressure in the same way as with braces, with bone remodeling helping them settle into their new position.
- Regular check-ins with your orthodontist ensure the treatment stays on track.
Aligners offer the advantage of being removable, which makes eating, brushing, and flossing easier while still delivering predictable results.
Why orthodontic treatment takes time
Because tooth movement relies on bone remodeling, rushing the process can be harmful. Excessive force or skipping appointments can lead to root resorption or unstable results. That’s why Dr Cheung and Dr Kohan emphasise a carefully monitored treatment plan, whether you choose braces or aligners.
Benefits beyond a beautiful smile
Orthodontic treatment isn’t just about aesthetics. Properly aligned teeth can improve:
- Oral hygiene – easier to clean teeth and prevent cavities.
- Jaw function – better chewing and less jaw strain.
- Long-term dental health – reduced risk of uneven wear or gum problems.
Trust the experts at Winthrop Orthodontic Centre
At Winthrop Orthodontic Centre, Dr Cheung and Dr Kohan combine the latest orthodontic science with personalised care to create beautiful, functional smiles. Whether you’re considering traditional braces or clear aligners, understanding how your teeth move can help you appreciate the amazing biology behind your treatment.
Ready to start your smile journey? Contact Winthrop Orthodontic Centre today for a consultation and learn how braces or aligners can transform your smile safely and effectively.
